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قراءة نقديّة للتحولات الخطابيّة في شعر إبراهيم ناجي (على ضوء منهج فيركلاف) | ||
| دراسات في اللغة العربيّة وآدابها | ||
| دوره 16، شماره 42، خرداد 2026، صفحه 187-211 اصل مقاله (520.16 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقالة بحثيّة أصيلة (علميّة محكّمة) | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22075/lasem.2025.38155.1492 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| أحمد دوازه كاظم المرمضي1؛ موسی عربي* 2 | ||
| 1طالب دكتوراه في قسم اللغة العربيّة وآدابها بجامعة شيراز، شيراز، إيران. | ||
| 2أستاذ مشارك في قسم اللغة العربية وآدابها بجامعة شیراز، شيراز، إيران. | ||
| تاریخ دریافت: 14 تیر 1404، تاریخ بازنگری: 02 آذر 1404، تاریخ پذیرش: 04 آذر 1404 | ||
| چکیده | ||
| يعدّ منهج فيركلاف في النقد الأدبيّ من المناهج التي تركز على تحليل النصّ الشعريّ من خلال استحضار أبعاده الاجتماعيّة والثقافيّة واللغويّة. ويقوم هذا المنهج على تفسير الخطاب الشعريّ كوسيلة لنقل الأفكار والرسائل، مع إيلاء أهميّة كبرى للسياق الذي يكتب فيه النصّ، سواء كان سياقًا تأريخيّا، أو اجتماعيّا، أو ثقافيّا. ويهدف فيركلاف من خلال ذلك إلى الكشف عن العلاقة التبادلية بين النصّ وبيئته، مما يسهم في بناء فهم أعمق للدلالة والمعنى، ويعزّز من قدرة الباحث على تأويل النصّ وفقًا للأطر الاجتماعيّة والثقافيّة التي تأثر بها وترك أثرًا فيها. في سياق شعر إبراهيم ناجي، يُعنى منهج فيركلاف بتحليل كيفية استخدام الشاعر للغة والأساليب البلاغيّة لتعزيز معانيه. أمّا هذه الدراسة فتهدف إلى استكشاف التحولات الخطابيّة في شعر إبراهيم ناجي من خلال منهج تحليل الخطاب النقديّ الذي وضعه نورمن فيركلاف، وذلك لغرض الكشف عن كيفية تفاعل البنية اللغويّة للنصوص الشعريّة مع التحولات الاجتماعيّة والثقافيّة التي شهدها المجتمع المصريّ في النصّف الأول من القرن العشرين. اعتمدت الدراسة على النموذج الثلاثي لتحليل الخطاب عند فيركلاف، فحلّلت النصوص على مستويات ثلاثة: البنية النصّية (المفردات، التراكيب، الصور البلاغيّة)، والممارسة الخطابيّة (إنتاج النصوص وتلقيها وعلاقتها بالأنواع الخطابيّة الأخرى)، والسياق الاجتماعيّ الأوسع (التحولات السياسيّة والثقافيّة للمجتمع المصريّ). وقد كشفت نتائج التحليل أن لغة ناجي لم تكن مجرد وسيلة للتعبير الوجداني، بل آلية لبناء الوعي الذاتي ومقاومة الأوضاع الاجتماعيّة السائدة. كما تبيّن أن استحضار صور الهروب، والموت، والحنين، يحمل دلالات رمزيّة تتصل بتجربة الانكسار الجماعيّ والتحولات الحديثة في هويّة الفرد والمجتمع. وخلصت الدراسة إلى أن شعر إبراهيم ناجي يمثّل ممارسة خطابيّة معقدة، تتقاطع فيها الأبعاد الجمالية بالعوامل الاجتماعيّة والسياسيّة، مما يجعله نموذجاً حياً لتحليل التداخل بين اللغة والسلطة في الخطاب الأدبيّ. | ||
| کلیدواژهها | ||
| التحولات؛ الخطابيّة؛ شعر إبراهيم ناجي؛ منهج فيركلاف | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Discursive Transformations in the Poetry of Ibrahim Naji (A Critical Reading in Light of Fairclough’s Approach) | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Ahmad Dwazah Kazim1؛ Mousa Arabi2 | ||
| 1PhD student in Department of Arabic Language and Literature, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran. | ||
| 2Associate Prof. in the Department of Arabic Language and Literature, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran. | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Fairclough’s approach represents a critical methodology that emphasizes understanding poetic texts through the analysis of their social, cultural, and linguistic dimensions. This approach views discourse as a vehicle for conveying ideas and values, placing particular emphasis on the historical, social, and cultural contexts in which texts are produced. In the case of Ibrahim Naji’s poetry, Fairclough’s framework examines how the poet employs language and rhetorical strategies to construct and intensify meaning. The present study aims to explore discursive transformations in Ibrahim Naji’s poetry through Norman Fairclough’s model of Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA), demonstrating how the linguistic structure of poetic texts reflects and responds to the social and cultural transformations experienced by Egyptian society during the first half of the twentieth century. The analysis is based on Fairclough’s three-dimensional model, which investigates discourse at three interconnected levels: (1) the textual level (vocabulary, syntactic structures, and rhetorical imagery), (2) the discursive practice level (processes of text production and reception, and intertextual relations), and (3) the broader social practice level (political, cultural, and ideological developments in Egyptian society). The findings indicate that Naji’s language functions not merely as a vehicle for emotional expression, but also as a means of shaping individual awareness and articulating resistance to prevailing social conditions. Recurrent imagery of escape, death, and symbolic nostalgia reflects collective experiences of failure and the reconfiguration of both personal and social identity. Accordingly, the study demonstrates that Ibrahim Naji’s poetry constitutes a complex performative act in which aesthetic concerns intersect with social and political dimensions, positioning his work as a compelling example for analyzing the dynamic interplay between language and power in literary discourse. Keywords: Discursive transformations; Ibrahim Naji’s poetry; Fairclough’s approach Extended Summary 1.Introduction The study of discursive transformations in the poetry of Ibrahim Naji presents a significant critical avenue for understanding the evolution of his poetic experience and its interaction with the social and political contexts of his time. Naji is widely regarded as one of the leading figures in modern Arabic poetry, who successfully reflected—through poetic discourse—the major transformations witnessed by Arab society. He employed language not merely as a communicative tool but as an effective instrument for shaping awareness, influencing audiences, and producing forms of ideological hegemony. Within this analytical framework, Fairclough’s approach to discourse analysis provides a suitable methodological foundation. This contemporary critical model seeks to uncover the relationship between language and society by revealing the ideologies, power relations, and social structures embedded within texts. It operates across multiple levels of analysis—textual, discursive, and social—to explain how discourse functions in producing power, shaping collective consciousness, and responding to the social and political forces that influence its formation and development. Through this lens, Ibrahim Naji’s poetry can be examined not only for its aesthetic value but also for the ways in which language is mobilized to achieve social and political purposes. This study aims to demonstrate that Naji’s poetry constitutes a rich social and cultural discourse in which language, meaning, and power interact dynamically, with discursive transformations evident at both thematic and formal levels. Materials and Methods This research adopts a critical analytical approach grounded in Fairclough’s model of Critical Discourse Analysis. The analysis focuses on poetic texts by examining their linguistic structure, layers of meaning, and embedded ideologies, alongside the social and political contexts that produced the discourse. The objective is to understand how poetry functions as a medium of influence, persuasion, and social transformation. Research Findings The findings indicate that Ibrahim Naji’s poetry transcends mere emotional expression and operates as a complex discursive practice through which language is employed to shape both individual and collective consciousness within specific historical and social frameworks. The analysis reveals clear discursive transformations at thematic and structural levels, reflecting the social and cultural changes experienced by Egyptian society during the first half of the twentieth century. Naji’s frequent use of symbolic imagery associated with escape, death, nostalgia, despair, and healing conveys collective experiences of loss, identity transformation, and existential anxiety. At the textual and discursive levels, rhetorical imagery, repetition, and emotionally charged language reinforce ideological meanings related to love, loyalty, moral commitment, resistance, and hope. Overall, the findings demonstrate that Naji’s poetry represents a convergence of aesthetic, social, and ideological dimensions, highlighting the dynamic relationship between language and power and affirming poetry’s role in shaping collective awareness. Discussion of Results and Conclusion In conclusion, the analysis of Ibrahim Naji’s poetry through Fairclough’s approach reveals that the poet skillfully employed language to articulate human values—particularly love, loyalty, and moral commitment—while simultaneously contributing to the formation of social consciousness. Discourse analysis demonstrates how poetry can function as an effective tool for disseminating values and influencing audiences through rhetorical imagery and linguistic strategies that enhance the persuasive power of the poetic message. Accordingly, Ibrahim Naji’s poetry should be understood not merely as an artistic expression of emotion but as a discursive practice that reproduces and transmits social and ideological values. This underscores the importance of studying poetic discourse as a means of understanding its role in shaping collective consciousness and promoting human and ethical values within society. | ||
| کلیدواژهها [English] | ||
| Ibrahim Naji, Norman Fairclough, Poetic discourse, Analysis, Transformation | ||
| مراجع | ||
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قائمة المصادر والمراجع
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آمار تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 59 تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله: 23 |
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