پیوندهای مفید
آمار
| تعداد نشریات | 22 |
| تعداد شمارهها | 717 |
| تعداد مقالات | 10,292 |
| تعداد مشاهده مقاله | 72,190,253 |
| تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله | 63,930,734 |
Photocurrent Performance of Copper (II) 2, 9, 16, 23-tetra-tert-butyl Phthalocyanine/Carbon Nanotube Active Layer Deposited on Silicon/Silicon Dioxide (Si/SiO2) Substrate | ||
| Progress in Physics of Applied Materials | ||
| مقالات آماده انتشار، اصلاح شده برای چاپ، انتشار آنلاین از تاریخ 11 اردیبهشت 1406 | ||
| نوع مقاله: Original Article | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22075/ppam.2026.41075.1221 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| Baneen Jaber Abduljawad* ؛ Hikmat Adnan Banimuslem | ||
| Department of Physics, College of Science, University of Babylon, Babylon, Iraq | ||
| تاریخ دریافت: 17 اردیبهشت 1405، تاریخ بازنگری: 25 خرداد 1405، تاریخ پذیرش: 30 خرداد 1405 | ||
| چکیده | ||
| We synthesized and investigated a hybrid thin film composed of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) and copper (II) 2,9,16,23-tetrabutylphthalocyanine (CuPc) to explore the influence of these interactions on the optical, electrical, and photoelectric properties. Improved charge transfer between CuPc moieties and CNT walls was observed in the ultraviolet and visible regions, where the optical absorption behavior of the hybrid material exhibited a redshift (indicative of longer wavelengths) and increased absorption intensity. CNTs provide numerous conductive pathways for charge carriers, thereby significantly improving the electrical conductivity of the hybrid material. Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) results revealed that surface roughness and complexity increased upon the incorporation of CNTs into the CuPc film. This further confirms better contact between CuPc and CNTs, supporting the conclusion that the addition of CNTs has greatly altered the surface morphology of the pristine CuPc. Investigations of the hybrid material’s photoelectric properties on a silicon oxide (Si/SiO2) substrate demonstrated that, under illumination, the photocurrent exceeded the dark current, indicating an improved light response compared to pristine CuPc. All materials used in this research were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich. An electric potential, varying from -5 V to +5 V, was applied to the sample under various experimental conditions to determine the influence of voltage on the material’s photoelectric and insulating responses. The light source used in this work was a 120-watt halogen lamp, with an irradiance of approximately 38.2 W/m² illuminating the sample. The light was focused on a rectangular sample area of 6 cm². Five replicates were conducted to confirm the accuracy of the results. This experiment was performed at approximately 25 °C and 30% humidity. The dark and light currents measured for CuPc and CuPc/MWCNT materials were 1.8×10⁻⁶ A and 3.2×10⁻⁶ A (dark current), and 2×10⁻⁵ A and 9.8×10⁻⁵ A (light current), respectively. Additionally, the data revealed a strong response to the addition of 10% MWCNT to the sample. | ||
| کلیدواژهها | ||
| Phthalocyanine؛ Multi-walled Carbon Nanotubes؛ Composite materials؛ Photocurrent؛ Optical Absorption؛ Quantum Efficiency؛ Responsivity | ||
| مراجع | ||
|
[1] Banimuslem, H., Hassan, A., Basova, T., & Gürek, A.G. 2015. Copper Phthalocyanine Functionalized Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes: Thin Films for Optical Detection. Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, 15(3), pp.2157-2167.
[2] Banimuslem, H., Hassan, A., Basova, T., & Ahsen, V. 2014. Copper Phthalocyanine/SWCNT Hybrid Thin Films for Pentachlorophenol Detection. Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical, 190, pp.990-998.
[3] Tuncel, S., Kaya, E.N., Basova, T., Banimuslem, H., Hassan, A., Gürek, A.G., & Ahsen, V. 2014. Effect of Pyrene Substitution on the Formation and Sensor Properties of Phthalocyanine-Single-Walled Carbon Nanotube Hybrids. Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical, 199, pp.277-283.
[4] Banimuslem, H., Hassan, A., Basova, T., & Gülmez, A.D. 2014. Copper Phthalocyanine/Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes Hybrid Thin Films for Pentachlorophenol Detection. Sensors Actuators B: Chemical, 190, pp.990-998.
[5] Wang, Y., Hu, N., Zhou, Z., Xu, D., Wang, Z., Yang, Z., Wei, H., Kong, E.S., & Zhang, Y. 2011. Single-Walled Carbon Nanotube/Cobalt Phthalocyanine Derivative Hybrid Material: Preparation, Characterization, and Its Gas Sensing Properties. Journal of Materials Chemistry, 21(8), pp.3779-3787.
[6] Tuncel, S., Basova, T., Hassan, A., & Gürek, A.G. 2012. Liquid Crystalline Octasubstituted Lead(II) Phthalocyanines: Effects of Alkoxy and Alkylthio Substituents on Film Alignment and Electrical Properties. New Journal of Chemistry, 36(7), pp.1665-1672.
[7] Basova, T., Jushina, I., Gürek, A.G., & Ahsen, V. 2009. Investigation of Gas-Sensing Properties of Copper Phthalocyanine Films. Materials Science and Engineering C, 29(6), pp.814-818.
[8] Wang, S. Y., Xu, J. H., Yang, W. Y., Chen, Y., & Yang, Y. J. 2013. Preparation and Gas Sensing Properties of 2, 9, 16, 23-Tetra-Tert-Butyl-29H, 31H-Copper (II) Phthalocyanine LB Thin Films. Advanced Materials Research, 622, pp.679-684.
[9] Belakhmima, R. A., Dkhireche, N., Touir, R., & Touhami, M. E. 2015. Development of a multi-component SG with CTAB as corrosion, scale, and microorganism inhibitor for cooling water systems. Materials Chemistry and Physics, 152, pp.85-94.
[10] Tan, Y., Zu, J., & Zhang, Z. 2015. Design and development of a miniature multi-degree-of-freedom in-plane motor using iron–gallium alloy. Sensors and Actuators A: Physical, 236, pp.140-149.
[11] McEvoy, T. M., Long, J. W., Smith, T. J., & Stevenson, K. J. 2006. Nanoscale conductivity mapping of hybrid nanoarchitectures: Ultrathin poly (o-phenylenediamine) on mesoporous manganese oxide ambigels. Langmuir, 22(10), pp.4462-4466.
[12] Jafari, M. J., Azim‐Araghi, M. E., Barhemat, S., & Riyazi, S. 2012. Effect of post‐deposition annealing on surface morphology and gas sensing properties of palladium phthalocyanine thin films. Surface and interface analysis, 44(5), pp.601-608.
[13] Li, J., Lu, Y., Ye, Q., Cinke, M., Han, J., & Meyyappan, M. 2003. Carbon nanotube sensors for gas and organic vapor detection. Nano letters, 3(7), pp.929-933.
[14] Aydın, M., Alıcı, E. H., Bilgicli, A. T., Yarasir, M. N., & Arabaci, G. 2017. Synthesis, characterization, aggregation, fluorescence and antioxidant properties of bearing (4-(methylthio) phenylthio) tetra substituted phthalocyanines. Inorganica Chimica Acta, 464, pp.1-10.
[15] Shamsipoor, A. S., Bagheri-Mohagheghi, M. M., & Mokaripoor, E. 2022. Structural, electrical and optical properties of SnO2: B transparent semiconducting thin films. Progress in Physics of Applied Materials, 2(1), pp.1-10.
[16] Peter, Y. U., & Cardona, M. (2010). Fundamentals of semiconductors: physics and materials properties. Springer Science & Business Media.
[17] Abbas, N. K., Abdulameer, A. F., Ali, R. M., & Alwash, S. M. 2019. The effect of heat treatment on optical properties of copper (II) phthalocyanine tetrasulfonic acid tetrasodium salt (CuPcTs) organic thin films. Silicon, 11(2), pp.843-855.
[18] Singh, A., Uddin, M. A., Sudarshan, T., & Koley, G. 2014. Tunable reverse‐biased graphene/silicon heterojunction schottky diode sensor. Small, 10(8), pp.1555-1565.
[19] Bube, R. 2012. Electronic properties of crystalline solids: an introduction to fundamentals. Elsevier.
[20] Matsumoto, N., Shima, H., Fujii, T., & Kannari, F. 1997. Organic electroluminescence cells based on thin films deposited by ultraviolet laser ablation. Applied physics letters, 71(17), pp.2469-2471.
[21] Bottari, G., de la Torre, G., Guldi, D. M., & Torres, T. 2010. Covalent and noncovalent phthalocyanine− carbon nanostructure systems: synthesis, photoinduced electron transfer, and application to molecular photovoltaics. Chemical reviews, 110(11), pp.6768-6816.
[22] El Nhass, M. M., Soliman, H. S., Metwally, H. S., Farid, A. M., Farag, A. A. M., & El Shazly, A. A. 2001. Optical properties of evaporated iron phthalocyanine (FePc) thin films. Journal of Optics, 30(3), pp.121-129.
[23] Pankove, J. I. 2012. Optical processes in semiconductors. Courier Corporation.
[24] Singh, Y. 2013. Electrical resistivity measurements: a review. In International journal of modern physics: Conference series (Vol. 22, pp. 745-756). World Scientific Publishing Company.
[25] Raïssi, M., Leroy-Lhez, S., & Ratier, B. 2016. Enhanced photocurrent and stability of organic solar cells using solution-based TS-CuPc interfacial layer. Organic Electronics, 37, pp.183-189.
[26] Rajesh, K. R., & Menon, C. S. 2005. Electrical and optical properties of vacuum deposited MnPc thin films. The European Physical Journal B-Condensed Matter and Complex Systems, 47(2), pp.171-176.
[27] Sánchez-Vergara, M. E., Guevara-Martínez, E., Arreola-Castillo, A., & Mendoza-Sevilla, A. 2019. Fabrication of hybrid membranes containing nylon-11 and organic semiconductor particles with potential applications in molecular electronics. Polymers, 12(1), p.9.
[28] Banimuslem, H. A. 2015. Organic/carbon nanotubes hybrid thin films for chemical detection. Sheffield Hallam University (United Kingdom).
[29] He, N., Chen, Y., Bai, J., Wang, J., Blau, W. J., & Zhu, J. 2009. Preparation and optical limiting properties of multiwalled carbon nanotubes with π-conjugated metal-free phthalocyanine moieties. The Journal of Physical Chemistry C, 113(30), pp.13029-13035.
[30] Matsumoto, S., Matsuhama, K., & Mizuguchi, J. 1999. β Metal-free phthalocyanine. Crystal Structure Communications, 55(1), pp.131-133.
[31] Serebrennikova, S. I., Kopylova, D. S., Gladush, Y. G., Krasnikov, D. V., Mailis, S., & Nasibulin, A. G. 2023. Photogating interfacial effects in carbon nanotube-based transistors on a Si/SiO 2 substrate toward highly sensitive photodetection. Nanoscale, 15(47), pp.19351-19358.
[32] Darwish, S., El Zawawi, I. K., & Riad, A. S. 2005. Photovoltaic properties of ZnSe/metal-free phthalocyanine heterojunctions deposited on substrates of InP single crystals. Thin Solid Films, 485(1-2), pp.182-187.
[33] Somani, P. R., & Radhakrishnan, S. J. M. C. 2003. Electrochromic materials and devices: present and future. Materials chemistry and physics, 77(1), pp.117-133.
[34] Schütze, A., Pieper, N., & Zacheja, J. 1995. Quantitative ozone measurement using a phthalocyanine thin-film sensor and dynamic signal evaluation. Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical, 23(2-3), pp.215-217.
[35] He, N., Chen, Y., Bai, J., Wang, J., Blau, W. J., & Zhu, J. 2009. Preparation and optical limiting properties of multiwalled carbon nanotubes with π-conjugated metal-free phthalocyanine moieties. The Journal of Physical Chemistry C, 113(30), pp.13029-13035.
[36] Niazov‐Elkan, A., Weissman, H., Dutta, S., Cohen, S. R., Iron, M. A., Pinkas, I., ... & Rybtchinski, B. 2018. Self‐assembled hybrid materials based on organic nanocrystals and carbon nanotubes. Advanced Materials, 30(2), p.1705027.
[37] Kumar, A. K. S., Zhang, Y., Li, D., & Compton, R. G. 2020. A mini-review: How reliable is the drop casting technique?. Electrochemistry Communications, 121, p.106867.
[38] Karl, N. 2003. Charge carrier transport in organic semiconductors. Synthetic metals, 133, pp.649-657.
[39] Sze S.M., Ng K.K. 2006. Physics of Semiconductor Devices. Wiley, 3rd Edition.
[40] Bube, R. H. 1992. Photoelectronic properties of semiconductors. Cambridge University Press.
[41] Kymakis, E., & Amaratunga, G. A. J. 2002. Single-wall carbon nanotube/conjugated polymer photovoltaic devices. Applied Physics Letters, 80(1), pp.112-114.
[42] Lakowicz, J. R. (Ed.). 2006. Principles of fluorescence spectroscopy. Boston, MA: springer US.
[43] Knox, R. S. 1963. Theory of excitons, Acad. Press, NY.
[44] Qi, T., Yu, Y., Liu, J., Jia, Y., & Ding, D. (2022, August). Enhanced performance of single-walled carbon nanotube-germanium near-infrared photodetector by doping with Au nanoparticles. In Photonics (Vol. 9, No. 9, p. 615). MDPI.
[45] Sönmez, M., Berber, İ., & Akbaş, E. 2006. Synthesis, antibacterial and antifungal activity of some new pyridazinone metal complexes. European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry, 41(1), pp.101-105.
[46] Ban, K., Nishizawa, K., Ohta, K., van de Craats, A. M., Warman, J. M., Yamamoto, I., & Shirai, H. 2001. Discotic liquid crystals of transition metal complexes 29: Part 28: Ref. 1. mesomorphism and charge transport properties of alkylthio-substituted phthalocyanine rare-earth metal sandwich complexes Elemental analysis data, recrystallization solvents, yields and optical absorption spectral data for [(CnS) 8Pc] 2M are available as supplementary data. For direct electronic access see http://www. rsc. org/suppdata/jm/b0/b003984p. Journal of Materials Chemistry, 11(2), pp.321-331.
[47] Barranco, A., Borras, A., Gonzalez-Elipe, A. R., & Palmero, A. 2016. Perspectives on oblique angle deposition of thin films: From fundamentals to devices. Progress in Materials Science, 76, pp.59-153.
[48] Capista, D., Lozzi, L., Pelella, A., Di Bartolomeo, A., Giubileo, F., & Passacantando, M. 2023. Spatially resolved photo-response of a carbon nanotube/Si photodetector. Nanomaterials, 13(4), p.650.
[49] Hernández, A., Sánchez, J. G., Ortiz, J., Martinez-Ferrero, E., Palomares, E., & Sastre-Santos, Á. 2025. Tri-tert-butyl arylamine zinc phthalocyanine derivatives as p-type self-assembled molecules for efficient perovskite solar cells. Journal of Materials Chemistry C, 13(31), pp.15977-15987.
[50] Koshiba, Y., Sugimoto, I., Horike, S., Fukushima, T., & Ishida, K. 2023. Fabrication and local electrical characterization of p–n junction copper phthalocyanine nanorods. physica status solidi (a), 220(24), p.2300243.
[51] Zhang, Q., Li, M., Li, L., Geng, D., Chen, W., & Hu, W. 2024. Recent progress in emerging two-dimensional organic–inorganic van der Waals heterojunctions. Chemical Society Reviews, 53(6), pp.3096-3133.
[52] Stenzel, O. 2005. The physics of thin film optical spectra: an introduction. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg.
[53] Rana, A., Park, S. Y., Labanti, C., Fang, F., Yun, S., Dong, Y., ... & Durrant, J. R. 2024. Octupole moment driven free charge generation in partially chlorinated subphthalocyanine for planar heterojunction organic photodetectors. Nature Communications, 15(1), p.5058.
[54] Vergara, M. E. S., Plata, E. I. S., Indili, R. B., Salcedo, R., & Toledano, C. Á. 2024. Structural determination, characterization and computational studies of doped semiconductors base silicon phthalocyanine dihydroxide and dienynoic acids. Heliyon, 10(3).
[55] Soncini, C., Costantini, R., Dell’Angela, M., Morgante, A., & Pedio, M. 2025. Interfacial Charge Transfer Enhances Transient Surface Photovoltage in Hybrid Heterojunctions. Nanomaterials, 15(3), p.154.
[56] Thyda, L., Joseph, J. K., Koppula, N., Sana, S., & Kuppusamy, T. 2025. Carbon Quantum Dots/ZnO Hybrid Nanostructured Thin Films and UV Photodetector Performances. physica status solidi (a), 222(18), p.2500458.
[57] Tsuneda, T., & Taketsugu, T. 2023. Roles of Singlet Fission in the Photosensitization of Silicon Phthalocyanine. The Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters, 14(51), pp.11587-11596.
[58] Wang, Y., Deng, W., Shi, X., Ren, X., Li, B., Li, Y., ... & Zhang, X. 2025. Molecule upgrading metal-semiconductor buried contacts for high-performance and high-ideality single-crystal organic thin-film transistors. National Science Review, 12(7), p.nwaf207. | ||
|
آمار تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 8 تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله: 2 |
||