پیوندهای مفید
آمار
| تعداد نشریات | 21 |
| تعداد شمارهها | 692 |
| تعداد مقالات | 10,048 |
| تعداد مشاهده مقاله | 71,052,360 |
| تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله | 62,503,950 |
The effects of health and treatment expenses on business cycles of Iran's economy | ||
| International Journal of Nonlinear Analysis and Applications | ||
| مقاله 8، دوره 15، شماره 10، دی 2024، صفحه 91-105 اصل مقاله (1.19 M) | ||
| نوع مقاله: Research Paper | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22075/ijnaa.2023.31340.4614 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| Elham Shokrolahi Shirazi؛ Jalil Khodaparast Shirazi* ؛ Hashem Zare؛ Mehrzad Ebrahimi | ||
| Department of Economics, Shiraz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shiraz, Iran | ||
| تاریخ دریافت: 31 تیر 1402، تاریخ پذیرش: 10 مهر 1402 | ||
| چکیده | ||
| After 2020 and the spread of the coronavirus, the importance of government spending on health and treatment became more apparent than before. Countries that had a higher ratio of health and medical expenses were less vulnerable to the negative effects of the pandemic. This article examines the effects of government spending, separating the effects of health care spending and other government spending on Iran's business cycles in the framework of a Bayesian stochastic dynamic general equilibrium model in two scenarios. In the first scenario, the effects of total government spending on business cycles have been investigated, and in the second scenario, total government spending is explained by separating health and treatment spending and other government spending. According to the results of the final logarithm of the model based on the Laplace approximation, the second scenario is closer to the features and data structure of the Iranian economy. In the present research, healthcare expenditure is defined as a shock, which is explained as a first-order autoregression process, and on the other hand, it is a part of the total government expenditure. To investigate the effects of this shock on the business cycles of the Iranian economy, two tools of variance analysis and instantaneous reaction functions have been used. According to the results of the analysis of variance, the healthcare expenditure shock explains more than 14% of product fluctuations, more than 11% of consumption fluctuations and more than 10% of investment fluctuations for the Iranian economy. Also, based on the results of instantaneous reaction functions of the variables, in response to the shock, health and treatment expenses, production, consumption, total government expenses and employment increase, while investment and wages decrease. | ||
| کلیدواژهها | ||
| Government healthcare expenditure؛ DSGE model؛ business cycles | ||
| مراجع | ||
|
[1] S. Ambler and A. Paquet, Fiscal spending shocks, endogenous government spending, and real business cycles, J. Econ. Dyn. Control 20 (1996), no. 1–3, 237–256. [2] E. Asadi, H. Zare, M. Ebrahimi, and K. Pirai, Price bubble in Tehran stock market: a stochastic dynamic general equilibrium model, PhD dissertation in economics, Islamic Azad University, Shiraz Branch, 2018. [3] E. Asadi, H. Zare, M. Ebrahimi and K. Piraiee, Sentiment shock and stock price bubbles in a dynamic stochastic general equilibrium model framework: the case of Iran, Iran. J. Econ. Stud. 7 (2018), no. 2, 115–150. [4] M. Baxter and R.G. King, Fiscal policy in general equilibrium, Amer. Econ. Rev. 83 (1993), 315–334. [5] S. Beidas-Strom and M. Lorusso, Macroeconomic Effects of Reforms on Three Diverse Oil Exporters: Russia, Saudi Arabia, and the UK, International Monetary Fund, 2019. [6] F.O. Bilbiie, A. Andr´e Meier, and G.J. Muller, What accounts for the change in US fiscal policy transmission?, J. Money Credit Bank. 40 (2008), no. 7, 1439–1470. [7] H. Bohn, The behavior of US public debt and deficits, Quart. J. Econ. 113 (1998), no. 3, 949–963. [8] G. Coenen, R. Straub and M. Trabandt, Fiscal policy and the great recession in the Euro area, American Econ. Rev. 102 (2012), no. 3, 71–76. [9] Z. Enders, G.J. Muller, and A. Scholl, How do fiscal and technology shocks affect real exchange rates?: New evidence for the United States, J. Int. Econ. 83 (2011), no. 1, 53–69. [10] L. Forni, L. Monteforte and L. Sessa, The general equilibrium effects of fiscal policy: estimates for the Euro area, J. Public Econ. 93 (2009), no. 3–4, 559–585. [11] M. Hasani Sadrabadi, Z. Azarpeivand and R. Firouzi, The effect of public health expenditures on economic growth and it‘s indirect effects on private consumption in Iran, J. Health Admin. 13 (2010), no. 42, 64–57. [12] A. Kormilitsina and S. Zubairy, Propagation mechanisms for government spending shocks: A Bayesian comparison, J. Money Credit Bank. 50 (2018), no. 7, 1571–1616. [13] E.M. Leeper, T.B. Walker, and S.C.S. Yang, Government investment and fiscal stimulus, J. Monetary Econ. 57 (2010), no. 8, 1000–1012. [14] L. Linnemann and A. Schabert, Productive government expenditure in monetary business cycle models, Scott. J. Politic. Econ. 53 (2006), no. 1, 28–46. [15] M. Lorusso and L. Pieroni, Disentangling civilian and military spending shocks: A Bayesian DSGE approach for the US economy, J. Risk Financ. Manag. 12 (2019), no. 3, 141. [16] M. Lotfalipour, M.A. Falahi, and M. Borji, The effects of health indices on economic growth in Iran, J. Health Admin. 14 (2011), no. 46, 57–70. [17] R.E. Lucas, Econometric policy evaluation: A critique, Carnegie-Rochester Conf. Ser. Public Policy. Vol. 1, North-Holland, 1976, pp. 19–46. [18] M. Paetz and R. Gupta, Stock price dynamics and the business cycle in an estimated DSGE model for South Africa, University of Pretoria, and Department of Economics Working Paper Series, 2014. [19] H. Panahi and S.A. Aleemran, The effect of government health expenditures on economic growth in countries of D-8 organization for economic cooperation, J. Health Dev. 4 (2015), no. 4, 336–327. [20] A. Raispour and J. Pezhoyan, Effects of government health spending on economic growth and productivity in Iran: a regional approach, Plann. Budget. Mag. 18 (2013), no. 4, 43–68. [21] F. Smets and R. Wouters, An estimated stochastic dynamic general equilibrium model of the Euro area, J. Eur. Econ. Assoc. 1 (2003), 1123–1175. [22] F. Smets and R. Wouters, Shocks and frictions in US business cycles: A Bayesian DSGE approach, Amer. Econ. Rev. 97 (2007), 586–606. [23] G. Ucler, Testing the relationship between military spending and private investments: Evidence from Turkey, Theor. Appl. Econ. 23 (2016), no. 3, 307–318. | ||
|
آمار تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 1,420 تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله: 855 |
||