Murder Judgement Due to Mistake in Person on the Jurisprudence, Islamic Penal Law and Common Law | ||
| مطالعات فقه و حقوق اسلامی | ||
| Volume 16, Issue 34, May 2024, Pages 109-138 PDF (751.77 K) | ||
| Document Type: Original Article | ||
| DOI: 10.22075/feqh.2022.27522.3303 | ||
| Authors | ||
| Milad Amiri* 1; Ebrahim Yaghouti2; Assadollah Masoudimaqam3; Ahmad Ommi4 | ||
| 1PhD student, Department of Criminal Law and Criminology, Semnan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Semnan, Iran: Correspondence author | ||
| 2Associate Professor, Department of Jurisprudence and Fundamentals of Islamic Law, Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran. | ||
| 3Assistant Professor, Department of Criminal Law and Criminology, Science and Research Unit, Tehran, Iran - Supreme Court Judge. | ||
| 4Assistant Professor, Department of Law, South Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran. | ||
| Receive Date: 11 July 2022, Revise Date: 10 November 2022, Accept Date: 13 November 2022 | ||
| Abstract | ||
| According to the theory of transferred malice in common law, in cases of mistake in person, the criminal intent is transferred from the failed intended purpose to the finished unintended purpose and the committed crime, without regarding the predictive ability of the unwanted victim is intentional. In this way, the committed crime against the real victim is considered as the crime of the intended purpose and has the same sentence. Because, the intention is transferred from a definite purpose to an indefinite or accidental purpose as a face of malice; without the mental presupposition of universality. Therefore, the perpetrator is exposed to two intentional charges of starting to kill the intended person and intentional murder of the unintentional person with a primitive intent of killing man. But, according to prominent Shiite jurists and jurisprudential rule such as ((We intend not to do and we do not intend)), the murder sentence resulted from a mistake in person is unintentional. Also, the sentence of this type of murder in case of intent to kill a certain respectable person on the Islamic Penal Code of Iran approved in 1392, citing Articles 144, paragraph (a) of Article 290 and paragraph (c) of Article 292 and paragraph (c) of Article 291, except in the case of rule of the footnote of Article 292, it is considered as unintentional. As a result, citing some jurists the theory of transferred malice or paragraph (d) of Article 290 of the Islamic Penal Code or even the title ((similar crime)) in the paragraphs of Article 290, with the motive of protecting human beings to make this type of murder intentional, is not acceptable. | ||
| Keywords | ||
| Malice; transferred malice; intent; crime; jurisprudence; mistake in person | ||
| References | ||
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