Rezaei, Sanaz, Gholizadeh, Ahmad, Atif, Muhammad. (1405). Structural and Magnetic Properties of Pb-substituted CuFe2O4 Nanoparticles. هنرهای کاربردی, 6(3), 229-238. doi: 10.22075/ppam.2026.39461.1178
Sanaz Rezaei; Ahmad Gholizadeh; Muhammad Atif. "Structural and Magnetic Properties of Pb-substituted CuFe2O4 Nanoparticles". هنرهای کاربردی, 6, 3, 1405, 229-238. doi: 10.22075/ppam.2026.39461.1178
Rezaei, Sanaz, Gholizadeh, Ahmad, Atif, Muhammad. (1405). 'Structural and Magnetic Properties of Pb-substituted CuFe2O4 Nanoparticles', هنرهای کاربردی, 6(3), pp. 229-238. doi: 10.22075/ppam.2026.39461.1178
Rezaei, Sanaz, Gholizadeh, Ahmad, Atif, Muhammad. Structural and Magnetic Properties of Pb-substituted CuFe2O4 Nanoparticles. هنرهای کاربردی, 1405; 6(3): 229-238. doi: 10.22075/ppam.2026.39461.1178

Structural and Magnetic Properties of Pb-substituted CuFe2O4 Nanoparticles

Progress in Physics of Applied Materials
دوره 6، شماره 3 - شماره پیاپی 12، زمستان 2026، صفحه 229-238    اصل مقاله (1.08 M)
نوع مقاله: Original Article
شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22075/ppam.2026.39461.1178
نویسندگان
Sanaz Rezaei1؛ Ahmad Gholizadeh* 1؛ Muhammad Atif2
1School of Physics, Damghan University, Damghan, Iran
2Functional Materials Lab, Department of Physics, Air University, PAF Complex E-9, Islamabad, Pakistan
چکیده
Lead-substituted copper ferrites (Cu1-xPbxFe2O4, x = 0.0–0.30) were synthesized via a sol–gel auto-combustion route to explore the structural and magnetic effects of Pb²⁺ incorporation. X-ray diffraction confirmed a tetragonal spinel phase (I41/amd) for low Pb content, which gradually evolved into a pseudo-cubic structure at higher substitution levels. The lattice parameters increased systematically with Pb doping, indicating lattice expansion and suppression of Jahn–Teller distortion. FTIR spectra revealed a red shift of both tetrahedral and octahedral metal–oxygen stretching modes, consistent with elongation of M–O bonds and partial Pb2+ occupancy of both sites. Magnetic measurements showed soft-ferromagnetic behavior with a notable increase in saturation magnetization (Ms) up to x = 0.25, followed by a decrease at higher Pb levels due to secondary phase formation and lattice strain. The reduction in coercivity (Hc) with Pb content reflects a weakening of magnetocrystalline anisotropy and lattice relaxation. These results highlight the structural flexibility and magnetic tunability of Pb-substituted CuFe2O4, emphasizing the role of large, nonmagnetic cations in controlling spinel ferrite functionality. 
کلیدواژه‌ها
Spinel Ferrite؛ CuFe2O4؛ Sol–gel auto-combustion route؛ FTIR؛ Magnetic behavior
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