پیوندهای مفید
آمار
| تعداد نشریات | 22 |
| تعداد شمارهها | 709 |
| تعداد مقالات | 10,210 |
| تعداد مشاهده مقاله | 71,669,717 |
| تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله | 63,474,514 |
Physical, Mechanical, Durability and Microstructure Properties of Lightweight Concrete Containing Nanomaterials: A comprehensive Review | ||
| Journal of Rehabilitation in Civil Engineering | ||
| مقاله 6، دوره 13، شماره 2 - شماره پیاپی 38، مرداد 2025، صفحه 94-127 اصل مقاله (1.24 M) | ||
| نوع مقاله: Regular Paper | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22075/jrce.2024.33140.1987 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| Nashat Shakir Alghrairi* 1؛ Farah N Aziz2؛ Noor Abbas AlGhazali1؛ Suraya A Rashid3؛ Mohd Z Mohmed4؛ Amer M Ibrahim5 | ||
| 1Ph.D. Student, Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Malaysia | ||
| 2Housing Research Centre, Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Malaysia | ||
| 3Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Malaysia | ||
| 4Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Malaysia | ||
| 5Department of Scientific Affairs, Diyala University, Baghdad Iraq | ||
| تاریخ دریافت: 25 بهمن 1402، تاریخ بازنگری: 02 خرداد 1403، تاریخ پذیرش: 25 مرداد 1403 | ||
| چکیده | ||
| In the construction industry, lightweight concrete (LWC) is a common structural and masonry element. Its low density and significant thermal and acoustic insulation properties are why it is popular. Recent studies have examined the potential benefits of adding different types of nanomaterials (NMs) to LWC to improve its characteristics. Recent decades have seen a notable increase in interest in the growing field of nanotechnology because of its innovative research and practical applications. The main objective of this review is the application of NMs to enhance both the fresh and hardened properties of LWC. The effects of NMs on the physical (thermal conductivity), mechanical (Compressive, Flexural, Splitting tensile strength), Microstructural, and Durability properties of LWC were examined. This study found that NMs improved the performance of LWC depending on the type and dosage of NMs. It showed better mechanical, microstructural, and durability properties than the samples without NMs. The addition of nanomaterials to concrete increases the pozzolanic content and surface energy of the cement composite, resulting in the durability enhancement of the cement composite. This article explored that incorporating nanoparticles into concrete enhances its strength by (12 to 58) %, (and 16 to 90) %, (16 to 55) % on the 28th day for the compressive, Flexural, and splitting tensile strength respectively, but it reduces the workability of the cement composite. However, the excessive concentration of nanoparticles causes particle agglomeration, which decreases the strength and durability of the cement composite. Thus, the review concluded that using nanomaterials in concrete is more favorable concerning the strength and durability advancement of the composite, as it improves their qualities and accelerates the hydration process. The knowledge gained from this review and the created database could be helpful to researchers and industry experts to facilitate the adoption of NMs to enhance the performance of LWC. | ||
| کلیدواژهها | ||
| Compressive strength؛ Flexural strength؛ Nanomaterials؛ Tensile strength؛ Thermal conductivity | ||
| مراجع | ||
|
[1] Ahmad DH, Alhayani AA. Investigation the influence of nano ceramic on the mechanical properties and shrinkage of lightweight concrete containing silica fume. Mater Today Proc 2022;61:1140–8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matpr.2021.11.540.
[2] Afzali Naniz O, Mazloom M. Effects of colloidal nano-silica on fresh and hardened properties of self-compacting lightweight concrete. J Build Eng 2018;20:400–10. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jobe.2018.08.014.
[3] Choi S-J, Mun J-S, Yang K-H, Kim S-J. Compressive fatigue performance of fiber-reinforced lightweight concrete with high-volume supplementary cementitious materials. Cem Concr Compos 2016;73:89–97. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2016.07.007.
[4] Mohamed AM, Tayeh BA, Abu Aisheh YI, Salih MNA. Exploring the performance of steel fiber reinforced lightweight concrete: A case study review. Case Stud Constr Mater 2023;18:e01968. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cscm.2023.e01968.
[5] Shale E. Chapter 9 Lightweight Concrete. High-Performance Light. Concr., vol. 84117, 2007.
[6] Thienel KC, Haller T, Beuntner N. Lightweight concrete-from basics to innovations. Materials (Basel) 2020;13:1–24. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma13051120.
[7] Raithby KD, Ydon FDL. The Intemational Joumal o f Cement Composites and Lightweight Concrete Volume 2 Number 3 Lightweight concrete in highway bridges. Intemational Joumal o f Cem Compos Light Concr 1981;2(3).
[8] Mehrinejad Khotbehsara M, Zadshir M, Mehdizadeh Miyandehi B, Mohseni E, Rahmannia S, Fathi S. Rheological, mechanical and durability properties of self-compacting mortar containing nano-TiO2 and fly ash. J Am Sci 2014;10:222–228.
[9] Karthika RB, Vidyapriya V, Nandhini Sri KV, Merlin Grace Beaula K, Harini R, Sriram M. Experimental study on lightweight concrete using pumice aggregate. Mater Today Proc 2021;43:1606–13. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matpr.2020.09.762.
[10] Pravallika BD, Rao KV. The Study on Strength Properties of Light Weight Concrete using Light Weight Aggregate. Int J Sci Res 2016;5:1735–9. https://doi.org/10.21275/v5i6.NOV164521.
[11] Nadesan MS, Dinakar P. Mix design and properties of fly ash waste lightweight aggregates in structural lightweight concrete. Case Stud Constr Mater 2017;7:336–47. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cscm.2017.09.005.
[12] Uma SG, Muthulakshmi S, Hemalatha G. Study on light weight concrete using steel cinders. Mater Today Proc 2021;46:3813–6. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matpr.2021.02.039.
[13] Zhao M, Zhao M, Chen M, Li J, Law D. An experimental study on strength and toughness of steel fiber reinforced expanded-shale lightweight concrete. Constr Build Mater 2018;183:493–501. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2018.06.178.
[14] Omar AT, Hassan AAA. Behaviour of expanded slate semi-lightweight SCC beams with improved cracking performance and shear capacity. Structures 2021;32:1577–88. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.istruc.2021.03.108.
[15] Berger RL. Properties Of Concrete With Cement Clinker Aggregate. Cem Concr Res 1974;4:99-I12.
[16] Kockal NU, Ozturan T. Durability of lightweight concretes with lightweight fly ash aggregates. Constr Build Mater 2011;25:1430–1438. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2010.09.022.
[17] Mehdizadeh B, Vessalas K, Ben B, Castel A, Deilami S, Asadi H. Advances in Characterization of Carbonation Behavior in Slag-Based Concrete Using Nanotomography. Nanotechnol. Constr. Circ. Econ. (NICOM 2022), Melbourne: 2023, p. 297–308. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-3330-3_30.
[18] Zhang P, Xie N, Cheng X, Feng L, Hou P, Wu Y. Low dosage nano-silica modification on lightweight aggregate concrete. Nanomater Nanotechnol 2018;8. https://doi.org/10.1177/1847980418761283.
[19] Cunha FG, Sampaio ZLM, Martinelli AE. Fiber-reinforced lightweight concrete formulated using multiple residues. Constr Build Mater 2021;308:125035. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2021.125035.
[20] Alex XI, Arunachalam K. Flexural behavior of fiber reinforced lightweight concrete, 2019. https://doi.org/10.7764/RDLC.18.3.536.
[21] Zaid O, Abdulwahid Hamah Sor N, Martínez-García R, de Prado-Gil J, Mohamed Elhadi K, Yosri AM. Sustainability evaluation, engineering properties and challenges relevant to geopolymer concrete modified with different nanomaterials: A systematic review. Ain Shams Eng J 2024;15:102373. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.asej.2023.102373.
[22] Federowicz K, Techman M, Sanytsky M, Sikora P. Modification of Lightweight Aggregate Concretes with Silica Nanoparticles—A Review. Materials (Basel) 2021;14:4242. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma14154242.
[23] Mishra A, Swarup A. A Review on an Investigation into the Role of Nano-Silica with Light Weight Concrete for Better Replacement of Coarse Aggregate. IJARIIE-ISSN 2020;6.
[24] Al-Luhybi AS, Altalabani D. The Influence of Nano-Silica on the Properties and Microstructure of Lightweight Concrete: a Review. IOP Conf Ser Mater Sci Eng 2021;1094:012075. https://doi.org/10.1088/1757-899X/1094/1/012075.
[25] Abbas A-GN, Aziz FNAA, Abdan K, Nasir NAM, Huseien GF. A state-of-the-art review on fibre-reinforced geopolymer composites. Constr Build Mater 2022;330:127187. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2022.127187.
[26] Givi AN, Suraya Abdul Rashid, Aziz FNA, Salleh MAM. The effects of lime solution on the properties of SiO2 nanoparticles binary blended concrete. Compos Part B 2011. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compositesb.2010.10.002.
[27] Xu QL, Meng T, Huang MZ. Effects of Nano-CaCO3 on the Compressive Strength and Microstructure of High Strength Concrete in Different Curing Temperature. Appl Mech Mater 2011;121–126:126–31. https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/AMM.121-126.126.
[28] Lin YH, Tyan YY, Chang TP, Chang CY. An assessment of optimal mixture for concrete made with recycled concrete aggregates. Cem Concr Res 2004;34:1373–80. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconres.2003.12.032.
[29] Joanna PS, Raj CD, Jacob N, Jonson S, Parvati TS. Performance of Sustainable Nano Concrete. Int J Eng Adv Technol 2019;9:3160–3. https://doi.org/10.35940/ijeat.b4217.129219.
[30] Sulaiman TA, Yau, Hashim YM. Effect Of Nanosilica As Ad-Mixture In Light Weight Concrete. FUDMA J Sci 2019;3 No. 4:412 – 417.
[31] Hamad MA-A, Sarhan IA. Effect of Nano-Clay on Lightweight Self-Compacting Concrete Behavior. Knowlodge-Based Eng Scince 2021. https://doi.org/10.51526/kbes.2021.2.3.1-22.
[32] Yousefi A, Tang W, Khavarian M, Fang C, Wang S. Thermal and mechanical properties of cement mortar composite containing recycled expanded glass aggregate and nano titanium dioxide. Appl Sci 2020;10. https://doi.org/10.3390/app10072246.
[33] Jalali Mosallam S, Pesaran Behbahani H, Shahpari M, Abaeian R. The effect of carbon nanotubes on mechanical properties of structural lightweight concrete using LECA aggregates. Structures 2022;35:1204–18. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.istruc.2021.09.003.
[34] Qing Y, Zenan Z, Deyu K, Rongshen C. Influence of nano-SiO2 addition on properties of hardened cement paste as compared with silica fume. Constr Build Mater 2007;21:539–45. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2005.09.001.
[35] Hong X, Lee JC, Ng JL, Md Yusof Z, He Q, Li Q. Effect of Graphene Oxide on the Mechanical Properties and Durability of High-Strength Lightweight Concrete Containing Shale Ceramsite. Materials (Basel) 2023;16. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma16072756.
[36] Narasimman K, Jassam TM, Velayutham TS, Yaseer MMM, Ruzaimah R. The synergic influence of carbon nanotube and nanosilica on the compressive strength of lightweight concrete. J Build Eng 2020;32:101719. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jobe.2020.101719.
[37] Wang XF, Huang YJ, Wu GY, Fang C, Li DW, Han NX, et al. Effect of nano-SiO2 on strength, shrinkage and cracking sensitivity of lightweight aggregate concrete. Constr Build Mater 2018;175:115–25. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2018.04.113.
[38] Sekhavati P, Jafarkazemi M, Kaya Ö. Investigating Durability Behavior and Compressive Strength of Lightweight Concrete Containing the Nano-Silica and Nano Lime Additives In the Acid Environment. J Civ Eng Mater Appl 2019;3:109–17. https://doi.org/10.22034/JCEMA.2019.93622.
[39] Adhikary SK, Rudzionis Z, Ghosh R. Influence of CNT, graphene nanoplate and CNT-graphene nanoplate hybrid on the properties of lightweight concrete. Mater Today Proc 2021;44:1979–82. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matpr.2020.12.115.
[40] Elrahman MA, Chung SY, Sikora P, Rucinska T, Stephan D. Influence of nanosilica on mechanical properties, sorptivity, and microstructure of lightweight concrete. Mater MDPI 2019;12:1–16. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma12193078.
[41] Afzali-Naniz O, Mazloom M. Assessment of the influence of micro- and nano-silica on the behavior of self-compacting lightweight concrete using full factorial design. Asian J Civ Eng 2019;20:57–70. https://doi.org/10.1007/s42107-018-0088-2.
[42] Sugumaran B, Lavanya G. Characterization study on the synergistic effect of nano metakaolin and expansive agent on the shrinkage mitigation and strength enhancement of self curing-self compacting concrete. Rev Rom Mater Rom J Mater 2021;51:186–94.
[43] Keleştemur O, Demirel B. Effect of metakaolin on the corrosion resistance of structural lightweight concrete. Constr Build Mater 2015;81:172–8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2015.02.049.
[44] Shoukry H, Kotkata MF, Abo-EL-Enein SA, Morsy MS, Shebl SS. Enhanced physical, mechanical and microstructural properties of lightweight vermiculite cement composites modified with nano metakaolin. Constr Build Mater J 2016.
[45] Karahan O, Hossain KMA, Ozbay E, Lachemi M, Sancak E. Effect of metakaolin content on the properties self-consolidating lightweight concrete. Constr Build Mater 2012;31:320–5. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2011.12.112.
[46] Du Y, Korjakins A. Synergic Effects of Nano Additives on Mechanical Performance and Microstructure of Lightweight Cement Mortar. Appl Sci 2023;13:1–23. https://doi.org/10.3390/app13085130.
[47] Mohseni E, Mehrinejad Khotbehsara M, Naseri F, Sarker P. Polypropylene fiber reinforced cement mortars containing rice husk ash and nano-alumina. Constr Build Mater 2016.
[48] Joshaghani A, Balapour M, Mashhadian M, Ozbakkaloglu T. Effects of nano-TiO2, nano-Al2O3, and nano-Fe2O3 on rheology, mechanical and durability properties of self-consolidating concrete (SCC): An experimental study. Constr Build Mater 2020;245:118444. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2020.118444.
[49] Riahi S, Nazari A. Physical, mechanical and thermal properties of concrete in different curing media containing ZnO2 nanoparticles. Energy Build 2011. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enbuild.2011.04.009.
[50] Sun Y, Zhang P, Guo W, Bao J, Qu C. Effect of Nano-CaCO3 on the Mechanical Properties and Durability of Concrete Incorporating Fly Ash. Adv Mater Sci Eng 2020;2020. https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/7365862.
[51] Shabbar R, Nedwell P, Wu Z. Mechanical properties of lightweight aerated concrete with different aluminium powder content. MATEC Web Conf 2017;120:1–7. https://doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201712002010.
[52] Ghanbari M, Kohnehpooshi O, Tohidi M. Experimental study of the combined use of fiber and nano silica particles on the properties of lightweight self compacting concrete. Int J Eng Trans B Appl 2020;33:1499–511. https://doi.org/10.5829/ije.2020.33.08b.08.
[53] Nazari A, Riahi S. Retraction Note to: Effects of CuO nanoparticles on compressive strength of self-compacting concrete. Sadhana - Acad Proc Eng Sci 2022;47:371–91. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12046-022-02043-6.
[54] Othuman Mydin MA, Jagadesh P, Bahrami A, Dulaimi A, Özkılıç YO, Al Bakri Abdullah MM, et al. Use of calcium carbonate nanoparticles in production of nano-engineered foamed concrete. J Mater Res Technol 2023;26:4405–22. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmrt.2023.08.106.
[55] Nazari A, Givi AN. The effects of nano-Al2O3 particle size on the split tensile and flexural strength of binary blended concrete. J Am Sci 2010;6:94–7.
[56] Othuman Mydin MA, Mohd Nawi MN, Mohamed O, Sari MW. Mechanical Properties of Lightweight Foamed Concrete Modified with Magnetite (Fe3O4) Nanoparticles. Materials (Basel) 2022;15. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma15175911.
[57] Saad O, S. Ragab K, Elnawawy O, R. Alharbi Y, A. Abadel A, Talaat A, et al. Lightweight Structural Concrete. J Eng Res 2021. https://doi.org/10.36909/jer.12219.
[58] Asil MB, Ranjbar MM. Hybrid effect of carbon nanotubes and basalt fibers on mechanical, durability, and microstructure properties of lightweight geopolymer concretes. Constr Build Mater 2022;357. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2022.129352.
[59] Ali HH, Awad HK. The Influence of Nano-Silica on Some Properties of Light Weight Self-Compacting Concrete Aggregate. E3S Web Conf 2023;427:02008. https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202342702008.
[60] Atmaca N, Abbas ML, Atmaca A. Effects of nano-silica on the gas permeability, durability and mechanical properties of high-strength lightweight concrete. Constr Build Mater 2017;147:17–26. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2017.04.156.
[61] Heidarzad Moghaddam H, Maleki A, Lotfollahi-Yaghin MA. Durability and mechanical properties of self-compacting concretes with combined use of aluminium oxide nanoparticles and glass fiber. Int J Eng Trans A Basics 2021;34:26–38. https://doi.org/10.5829/IJE.2021.34.01A.04.
[62] Garg R, Garg R, Eddy NO, Khan MA, Khan AH, Alomayri T, et al. Mechanical strength and durability analysis of mortars prepared with fly ash and nano-metakaolin. Case Stud Constr Mater 2023;18:e01796. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cscm.2022.e01796.
[63] Du H, Du S, Liu X. Effect of nano-silica on the mechanical and transport properties of lightweight concrete. Constr Build Mater 2015;82:114–22. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2015.02.026.
[64] Ismail OS, Nawawy OAE-, Ragab KS, Kohail M. Performance of the lightweight concrete with available nano-silica in case fully replacement of coarse aggregate. Int J Sci Eng Res 2018;9:223–31.
[65] Fahmy NG, Hussien RM, el-Hafez LMA, Mohamed RAS, Faried AS. Comparative study on fresh, mechanical, microstructures properties and corrosion resistance of self compacted concrete incorporating nanoparticles extracted from industrial wastes under various curing conditions. J Build Eng 2022;57. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jobe.2022.104874.
[66] Samadi MHASL, Shah K, Huseien GF. Influence of Glass Silica Waste Nano Powder on the Mechanical and Microstructure Properties of Alkali-Activated Mortars. Nanomater Artic 2020;10:0–21. https://doi.org/doi:10.3390/nano10020324.
[67] Behfarnia K, Rostami M. Effects of micro and nanoparticles of SiO 2 on the permeability of alkali activated slag concrete. Constr Build Mater 2017;131:205–13. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2016.11.070.
[68] Ibrahim M, Johari MAM, Maslehuddin M, Rahman MK. Influence of nano-SiO2 on the strength and microstructure of natural pozzolan based alkali activated concrete. Constr Build Mater 2018;173:573–85. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2018.04.051.
[69] Li H, Xiao H, Yuan J, Ou J. Microstructure of cement mortar with nano-particles. Compos Part B Eng 2004;35:185–9. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1359-8368(03)00052-0.
[70] Heikal M, Ibrahim NS. Hydration, microstructure and phase composition of composite cements containing nano-clay. Constr Build Mater 2016;112:19–27. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2016.02.177.
[71] Zhang C, Khorshidi H, Najafi E, Ghasemi M. Fresh, mechanical and microstructural properties of alkali-activated composites incorporating nanomaterials: A comprehensive review. J Clean Prod 2023;384. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2022.135390.
[72] Ng C, Alengaram UJ, Wong LS, Mo KH, Jumaat MZ, Ramesh S. A review on microstructural study and compressive strength of geopolymer mortar, paste and concrete. Constr Build Mater 2018;186:550–76. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2018.07.075.
[73] Abdalla JA, Thomas BS, Hawileh RA, Syed Ahmed Kabeer KI. Influence of nanomaterials on the workability and compressive strength of cement-based concrete. Mater Today Proc 2022;65:2073–6. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matpr.2022.06.429.
[74] Ghosal M, Chakraborty AK. Engineering the properties of nanomaterials for its use in cement concrete. Mater Today Proc 2021.
[75] Kanagaraj B, Nammalvar A, Andrushia AD, Gurupatham BGA, Roy K. Influence of Nano Composites on the Impact Resistance of Concrete at Elevated Temperatures. Fire 2023;6:1–18. https://doi.org/10.3390/fire6040135.
[76] Ahmed HU, Mohammed AA, Mohammed AS. The role of nanomaterials in geopolymer concrete composites: A state-of-the-art review. J Build Eng 2022;49:104062. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jobe.2022.104062.
[77] Assaedi H, Alomayri T, Kaze CR, Jindal BB, Subaer S, Shaikh F, et al. Characterization and properties of geopolymer nanocomposites with different contents of nano-CaCO3. Constr Build Mater 2020;252:119137. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2020.119137.
[78] Assaedi H, Shaikh FUA, Low IM. Influence of mixing methods of nano silica on the microstructural and mechanical properties of flax fabric reinforced geopolymer composites. Constr Build Mater 2016;123:541–52. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2016.07.049.
[79] Assaedi H, Shaikh FUA, Low IM. Effect of nano-clay on mechanical and thermal properties of geopolymer. J Asian Ceram Soc 2016;4:19–28. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jascer.2015.10.004.
[80] Adak D, Sarkar M, Mandal S. Structural performance of nano-silica modified fly-ash based geopolymer concrete. Constr Build Mater 2017;135:430–9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2016.12.111.
[81] Assaedi H, Alomayri T, Shaikh F, Low IM. Influence of nano silica particles on durability of flax fabric reinforced geopolymer composites. Materials (Basel) 2019;12. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma12091459.
[82] Vargas P, Marín NA, Tobón JI. Performance and Microstructural Analysis of Lightweight Concrete Blended with Nanosilica under Sulfate Attack. Adv Civ Eng 2018;2018. https://doi.org/10.1155/2018/2715474.
[83] Mansour AM, Al Biajawi MI. The effect of the addition of metakaolin on the fresh and hardened properties of blended cement products: A review. Mater Today Proc 2022;66:2811–7. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matpr.2022.06.521.
[84] He Z, Wang B, Shi J, Liu D, Liu J, Wang D, et al. Drying shrinkage and microstructural evolution of concrete with high-volume and low-grade metakaolin. J Build Eng 2023;76:107206. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jobe.2023.107206.
[85] Liu X, Fang T, Zuo J. SS symmetry E ff ect of Nano-Materials on Autogenous Shrinkage. Symmetry / MDPI 2019. https://doi.org/10.3390/sym11091144.
[86] Hawreen A, Bogas JA. Creep, shrinkage and mechanical properties of concrete reinforced with different types of carbon nanotubes. Constr Build Mater 2019;198:70–81. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2018.11.253.
[87] Pavan Kumar D, Amit S, Sri Rama Chand M. Influence of various nano-size materials on fresh and hardened state of fast setting high early strength concrete [FSHESC]: A state-of-the-art review. Constr Build Mater 2021;277:122299. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2021.122299.
[88] Liu Q, Liu Z, Qian B, Xiong Y. Effect of nano-modified permeable silicone emulsion on the durability of concrete curbstone. Constr Build Mater 2022;324:126620. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2022.126620.
[89] Strzałkowski J, Sikora P, Chung S-Y, Abd Elrahman M. Thermal performance of building envelopes with structural layers of the same density: Lightweight aggregate concrete versus foamed concrete. Build Environ 2021;196:107799. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.buildenv.2021.107799.
[90] Sikora P, Elrahman MA, Stephan D. The influence of nanomaterials on the thermal resistance of cement-based composites—A review. Nanomaterials 2018;8:1–33. https://doi.org/10.3390/nano8070465.
[91] Saleh AN, Attar AA, Ahmed OK, Mustafa SS. Improving the thermal insulation and mechanical properties of concrete using Nano-SiO2. Results Eng 2021;12:100303. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rineng.2021.100303.
[92] Bulut m, Alsaadi M, Erkliğ A. The Effects of Nanosilica and Nanoclay Particles Inclusions on Mode II Delamination, Thermal and Water Absorption of Intraply Woven Carbon/Aramid Hybrid Composites. Int Polym Process 2020;35:367–75. https://doi.org/10.3139/217.3940.
[93] Wang S, Ng YH, Tan KH, Dasari A. Thermal properties of carbon nanofibers enhanced lightweight cementitious composite under high temperature. Constr Build Mater 2021;307:124358. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2021.124358. | ||
|
آمار تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 955 تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله: 916 |
||